• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    Disclosed is a system and method for treating mal-alignment of teeth using super-elastic nickel titanium, heat activated nickel titanium coated or uncoated orthodontic wires with composite resins in order to effectuate desired tooth alignment. The composite resin is formed into beads that hold the wire in place preferably on the lingual surface of the teeth. Alternate embodiments using composite brackets are disclosed. The overall purpose of this invention is to provide a close contact, low profile orthodontic system, in particular, a lingual orthodontic system that is significantly more comfortable than existing orthodontic systems, completely concealed and effective.
    公开号:ES2588592A2
    申请号:ES201590111
    申请日:2014-04-04
    公开日:2016-11-03
    发明作者:Benjamin Cassalia
    申请人:Benjamin Cassalia；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

         2DESCRIPTION Orthodontic wire alignment system and procedure The present invention was not developed with any federal fund, but was developed independently by the inventor.  The application claims the benefit of the provisional US patent application. UU.  previous nº 5 61/808. 953  Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of orthodontics.  More specifically, the present invention relates to systems and methods for the treatment of tooth misalignment using heat-activated nickel-titanium orthodontic wires, not coated or coated with composite resins to execute the desired alignment of the teeth. .   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Orthodontic treatment is a specialty of dentistry that focuses on the treatment of tooth displacement and misalignment or misalignment of teeth.  Integral orthodontic treatment very often involves the use of metal wires that are inserted into orthodontic brackets that can be made of stainless steel or ceramic materials.  The metal wires interact with the brackets to exert a continuous force on the teeth and move them gradually to their correct position.   20 More recently, alternatives to conventional orthodontic treatment have been commercialized with conventional orthodontic braces.  For example, Align Technology, Inc. from San José, California markets systems that include a series of preformed devices / aligners with the trade name of the Invisalign® system.  The Invisalign® system is described in numerous patents and patent applications, as for example, in US Pat.  UU.  No. 6 450. 807 and US Pat.  UU.  No. 5 975 893, as well as on the company's website, which can be accessed via the Internet (see, p.  ex. , the invisalign URL. com).  The Invisalign® system includes the design and / or multiple manufacturing, and sometimes of the whole, of the aligners that the patient will use before placing them for the repositioning of the teeth (p.  ex. , at the beginning of the treatment).  30 Often, for the design and planning of a personalized treatment for a    3 patient three-dimensional planning / design software tools are used, such as the Align Technology, Inc. Treat ™ software  The design of the aligners is based on computer modeling of the patient's denture in a series of successive planned arrangements of the teeth, and the individual aligners are designed to be placed on the teeth, so that each aligner exerts force on the tooth and 5 elastically reposition the teeth to each of the planned arrangements.  Another orthodontic option is described in the US patent application. UU.  No. 13/470. 681 of Li et al, also assigned to Align Technology.  A multilayered orthodontic apparatus is described that includes an orthodontic apparatus for the removal of removable teeth that has receiving cavities of the shaped teeth to directly receive at least some of the patient's teeth and apply a resistant force on the teeth. patient's teeth for placement.  Multi-layer apparatus may include a hard polymer layer disposed between two layers of soft polymer.  Orthodontic treatment provides better material performance, stress relieving properties and a wider range of operation.  15 An alternative orthodontic technology is the LingualWirelign® and Wirelign® technique by Benjamin A.  Cassalia, Chalfont, Pennsylvania, which provides a system for correcting the misalignment of teeth using only wires (that is, without braces) to provide greater comfort to the patient and an appearance without "braces" or wires visible on the facial surface of the patient's denture.  The Wirelign® technique uses straight segments of super-elastic metallic wire, usually nickel-titanium wire, adhered to the surfaces of the teeth, usually to the lingual surface (i.e., the inner surfaces of the teeth, as opposed to the frontal surfaces, facial), to align the teeth.    In certain cases, after the use of the orthodontic methods currently available for the correction of the misalignment of the teeth, the alignment of the teeth improves, but the correct arch shape may not be obtained.  For example, sometimes, since the teeth are pulled or pushed into alignment, unwanted movements of the teeth can occur, resulting in an incorrect shape of the arch.  One reason for certain unwanted tooth movements is that the wires 30 are normally fixed to each tooth individually at a fixed separation distance that does not allow the teeth to get closer together, since they are pulled and / or they are pushed during alignment.  In some cases, the misalignment of the teeth may be minor or of a type that is not easily corrected only by the procedures    4 orthodontics today.  And in other cases, continued treatment is sought to maintain or improve the proper shape of the arch.   Accordingly, there is a need in the art for an orthodontic alignment system and method that provides a better arch shape and continuous alignment of the teeth when used alone or after the use of other orthodontic techniques 5, which do it aesthetically and cosmetically pleasing and comfortable for the user (referred to interchangeably in this document as the "patient").  The present invention provides an orthodontic system and method that constitutes a comfortable and cosmetically pleasing means of maintaining or improving the optimum shape of the arch when used alone or after the use of other orthodontic procedures.   The orthodontic system and method of the invention provides numerous advantages over previously available systems and procedures.  The placement of the coated wire directly on the surface of the tooth and the placement of fluid bonding material on the wire creates a low profile system with a smooth surface compared to typical orthodontic systems that use braces with an increased profile and 15 distance of the wire from the teeth.  The smooth surface of the bonding material used in the invention compared to other extended wing or door brace systems minimizes irritation and discomfort to surrounding oral tissues.  The present system and procedure increases the efficiency of tooth movement as a result of the proximity of the wires to the teeth and the possible formation of an orthodontic tube 20 along the entire surface of the tooth.  These two factors provide and increase the coupling of the surface of the teeth and, therefore, allow a more efficient movement of the teeth, and especially the rotation movement of a tooth.    The present system also provides a reduction of speech related problems compared to the prior art.  The reduced profile and the smooth surface resulting from the material used in the invention is comparable to that of the fixed lingual retention systems that are used that have a minimal or no effect on tongue movement and speech-related problems.  Additionally, since the orthodontic system of the invention is preferably placed on the lingual surface of the teeth and has low profile characteristics, the orthodontic system of the invention is essentially completely hidden or is not detectable to observers.  An additional advantage of the system of the invention is its easy application.  The placement system of the orthodontic system of the invention is designed for easy clinical application of the coated wires and, therefore, also provides improved insulation of    5 pollutants from the oral environment.  An object of this invention is to improve the shape of the arch obtained after the alignment of the teeth using known orthodontic techniques.  The "arch" shape, as used herein, means the arch derived from the alveolar processes of the jaw that contain the dental anatomy of the teeth.  The invention can also be used to correct the misalignment of the teeth if only minimal to moderate movement of the teeth is necessary.  The design of the arch system of the invention allows the continued treatment of poorly aligned teeth using only wires (i.e., without brackets or bulky fixed parts) to increase patient comfort.  The wire is preferably fixed to the lingual surface of the teeth so that it is not visible when the user smiles, thus providing a cosmetic benefit compared to traditional braces / aligners.  Also within the scope of the invention is the use of the system on the facial surface of the teeth, although such use provides a smaller cosmetic advantage than its use on the lingual surface of the teeth.  The term "facial" in this document is used in the sense of "non-lingual", 15 as for example in the non-lingual surface of one or more teeth and, in the same sense, "labial" and "buccal" are included, such as on the labial or buccal surface of one or more teeth.  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A system and method for the alignment of teeth in which only coated orthodontic wires 20 are used, after or in conjunction with other known orthodontic techniques.  A soluble coating covers an orthodontic arch of superelastic material such as nickel titanium.  The pre-designed shape of the coated arch is fixed to the lingual or facial / buccal surface of the teeth, adjusted by means of fluid composite microspheres (flowable composite bead) known in orthodontics.  After the hardening of the 25 composite microspheres and the dissolution of the coating, an opening or tube remains around the wire within the composite microspheres or between the composite and the teeth, which allows the wire to move freely when it returns to its pre-designed arch shape, pulling the teeth to align with it.  Composite brackets with a lateral groove adapted to receive a coated wire arch help 30 to precise placement of the wire on the surface of the teeth.  These brackets fit the contour of the teeth and are placed and attached to the teeth in the desired positions before the application of the arch.  Once placed, the coated wire is attached directly to the brackets.  These brackets can also have a substance similar to a    The malleablegel embedded in the lateral groove in which an uncoated wire can be inserted and covered with joining material.  The same tube effect is obtained inside the composite bracket when the gel dissolves allowing the wire to move and align the teeth.  The adaptation of the wire to the teeth can be directed or assisted by a positioning system that will keep the wire in position to facilitate its application and minimize the contamination associated with the oral environment.  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, wires of the same dimensions and properties are used as nickel-titanium wires used in typical orthodontic treatments, that is, super-elastic metal wires, including those of nickel-titanium or 10. copper-nickel-titanium, beta-titanium and stainless steel.  The wires according to the invention are, more preferably, heat-activated super-elastic or super-elastic wires.  The tensile properties and other physical properties of these wires when placed in the required configuration for the teeth exert a force on the teeth that allows them to move inside the oral cavity to the point where the visual effect is obtained. wanted.  Preferably, according to the invention, the wire arch shapes are preformed in various lengths and thicknesses to accommodate the needs of a large number of different patients.  Although they are called "arcs," the actual shape of the preformed wire arcs may not have an "arc shape" depending on their intended application (for example, a complete lingual arc of the mouth 20 could have a mushroom shape).  The term "arch" in this document is used extensively to include any length of previously modeled wire intended or used to correct the misalignment of a patient's teeth.  The preformed wires correct an inadequate arch in the teeth of a patient by positioning and joining the teeth of the patient as shown in Figures 4 and 5.  The force of the wire arch 25 now deformed when working to recover its preformed arcuate shape pushes and pulls the patient's teeth to the shape that conforms to the arch wire, that is, the proper shape of the desired maxillary arch.  The invention allows the wire to slide longitudinally while the wire arch recovers its previous shape, thereby preventing unwanted movements of the teeth caused by fixing the wire to each one of the teeth at a fixed separation distance.  In one embodiment of the invention, the wire is coated with a soluble coating, preferably a gelatin-like substance such as the gelatin coating used in medicinal liquid gel tablets or an effect coating.    7Lubricant such as TiO2 (titanium dioxide).  In a preferred embodiment, a coating especially useful for the invention comprises titanium dioxide, starch, ethanol and lacquers.  Other soluble media that do not affect the elastic properties of the wire and are safe for the patient can be used.  Functional coatings within the scope of the invention include 5 coatings currently available in the dental industry, such as titanium dioxide, polyamide, cellulose derivatives or poly (ethylene oxide) homopolymer / copolymer.  Other functional coatings within the scope of the invention are substances normally used in the food and pharmaceutical industries with materials that make the applied substance more easily or comfortably administered or have a better taste for the consumer.  These coatings include, without limitation: alginates; biopolymers (such as xanthan gum and scleroglucan); carrageenans; galactomannans (such as locust bean gum and guar gum); pectins; native starches (such as products marketed under the trade names AmyloGel®, CreamGel ™, DryGel ™, Gel ™); diluted starches (such as Cargill Set ™ and Cargill DrySet®); 15 stabilized starches (such as Cargill Tex®, CreamTex®, PolarTex® and StabiTex®); pregelatinized starches including roller-dried starches (such as Cargill Tex-Instant ™, Gel-Instant ™, StabiTex-Instant® and PolarTex-Instant®) and hydrated starches with cold water (HiForm® and HiForm A ™); special starches (such as AccuCoat®, AccuFlo ™, AraSet ™, BatterCrisp®, Clean Set®, DeliTex ™, EmCap®, EmTex®, EZ Fill ™ and Salioca®); 20 food additives such as cellulose; microcrystalline cellulose; potato; modified wheat starch; talcum powder; finely crushed sugar; powdered sugar or powder mixtures composed of powdered sugar, starch, fat and flavoring; beet or cane sugar; another solution of sweet sugar; fruit juice; honey; candy; malt; grease; oil; chocolate; cocoa powder; other artificial sweeteners, concentrated hydrocolloid solutions (in order to "seal" the surface to prevent fat migration, surface hardening and offer a smooth surface to the final satin application); alcohol-based resin solutions, essentially shellac resin (in order to "finish" the surface to avoid water migration and reduce friction) and others.  An especially useful reference is found on the website 30 http: // www. color with com / products-formulation / all-products, whose content is incorporated into this document by reference.  Other compounds such as vitamins may be incorporated into the coatings of the invention so as to provide additional health benefits to the patient during the period of time undergoing treatment with the patient.    8aparato and the system of the invention.   The coating around the wire increases the diameter of said wire to specific dimensions depending on the size and transverse shape of the wire it covers.  In one embodiment of the invention, the coating has an appreciable color and clearly different from that of the central wire so that the complete dissolution of the coating can be easily confirmed with the naked eye.    The coated wire arch is placed directly on the lingual or facial surface (labial or buccal) of the teeth.  Activation of the wire is achieved by a tensile force with dental floss, crimping positioners (jigs) as shown in Figures 10A, 10B and other means through the contact between the teeth on the contralateral surface 10, as shown in Figure 4  The coupling of the positioners to the teeth can be achieved through any available means and the positioners can be coupled on any side of the tooth where it might be necessary for the desired alignment of the tooth.  The coated wire is attached directly to the surface of the tooth (or to the composite molds that resemble a bracket of an alternative embodiment described below in depth) using fluid composite material used in conventional orthodontic techniques.  Functional dental composites within the scope of the invention are any dental composite normally used in the dental industry, such as composites used in dentistry as restorative material or adhesives.   Examples of the 20 most common composite resins include bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA) and other dimethacrylate monomers, such as triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), hexanediol dimethacrylate (HDDMA) and a material loading as silica gel.  Diethylglioxime is also normally added to obtain certain physical properties such as fluidity.  In addition, the adaptation of the 25 physical properties is achieved by formulating concentrations and unique combinations of each component.   According to the process of the invention, a "microsphere" of fluid composite material is applied to the coated wire of each tooth to be aligned.  As used herein, the term "microsphere" indicates an application of a composite material that is sufficient to bond the wire to the surface of the tooth.  As used herein, the term "bonded" or "bonded" in reference to the composite material used in the system of the invention means that the composite material is connected.    9 fixedly for some period of time by chemical or physical means to the surface of the tooth.    In this document, composites bind to teeth either by slight chemical activation or by heat activation as is usually done in the dental technique.  To bond the composite to a tooth, it must be kept substantially dry during placement or, probably, the resin will not adhere to the tooth.  The composites are placed while they remain soft, pasty or in a fluid state but when exposed to light of a certain blue wavelength (usually 470 nm, with traces of ultraviolet light), they polymerize and harden on the tooth.  Once properly bonded, the composite is comfortable, aesthetically pleasing, strong and durable, and 10 in general, lasts for the entire treatment time without reapplication.  Generally the composite is applied to the tooth using a syringe.  Priming agent can be used that allows the composite to easily infiltrate the surface enamel matrix to bind more strongly to the tooth.  A photoinitiator is often added to the composite as an aid and to increase the speed of the composite curing process.  15 Before applying the composite, the enamel of the teeth can be prepared by etching with 30-50% phosphoric acid, washing thoroughly with water and letting it air dry.   After 1 or 2 hours of joining the patient's teeth (and after having cured the bonded material), the coating around the wires dissolves completely so that the underlying wire is exposed and an opening or tube is left inside the material of union 20 cured through which the wire can move freely.  By allowing the free movement of the wire now exposed through the openings of the bonding material, the "microspheres" of bonding composite and the openings function as a tube similar to a "frictionless bracket system" housing the wire and allowing the the now uncoated wire exerts its superelastic properties and tends toward the predesigned shape of its arc, pulling and / or pushing the misaligned teeth in accordance with it to return to its predetermined shape.  Without the openings or tubes that remain around the wire when the coating dissolves, the wire would not have to free to slide back and forth within the composite microspheres when it returns to its preformed shape; 30 being therefore restricted the force exerted by the wire when returning to its preformed form that would also separate the teeth and create a space between the teeth, or restricting other unwanted dental movements or not moving the teeth at all.  It is also noteworthy that composite microspheres are not limited to any form or    10 geometric configuration in particular, and are limited in size only as regards the consideration of patient comfort within the oral cavity.  While the teeth are aligned and the wire slides into the tubes formed in the composite microspheres, the ends of the wire arch are pushed further and further away from the terminal microspheres.  The ends of the wire arch may be covered by a composite microsphere for convenience or, alternatively, they may be pre-fabricated with smooth ends.  Once the wire is activated by joining the teeth or molds, composite stops, crimp stops and other types of stops at the ends of the arch or between the teeth can be formed or preformed to prevent the wire arch from becoming slide too far and let go.  As used in this document, a "stop" means an element or component placed on the wire after placement on the teeth or an element or component that is incorporated into or on the wire during its manufacture not surrounded or encompassed by the composite fluid during the placement of the wire and has a larger dimension than the opening or the tube created by the dissolution of the wire coating.  The coated wire arcs of the system 15 are preferably manufactured and modeled previously in various lengths and sections (sizes), preferably with smooth ends or terminal microspheres for patient comfort and to act as stops.  The stops are created or preformed at the ends or midpoints of the wire arch so that they prevent the wire from sliding out of the coated joint composite or the microspheres when the teeth are aligned.  Although the stops are preferably placed at the ends or midpoints of the wire arch, the stops may be located anywhere along the wire arch.  Coated arches can also be custom made for any individual and their maxillary arch forms.    The wire arch can be fixed to one or more teeth or molds in the center of the maxillary arch 25 and in the longitudinal midpoint of the wire, preferably using a tiny composite microsphere or incorporating it into the wire arch, thus maintaining the midpoint. of the wire arch fixed in place (i.e., preventing the wire arch from sliding out of place) while allowing it to slide into the composite microspheres on either side of the midpoint while pulling the 30 teeth or these are pushed into alignment.  A tiny composite microsphere at the midpoint of the wire arch can be held in place, although other shapes can be conceived.  The wire is left in the mouth until it has completely or substantially returned to its original shape or the tooth has aligned.  This    It usually occurs in 4 to 6 weeks, although it may take more or less time depending on the needs of each patient.  The wire arch is removed by removing the stops or cutting the wire into segments.  If additional alignment is desired after initial placement and activation, the wire can be reattached and activated on a particular tooth or it can be replaced by another coated wire.  In one embodiment, a coated wire arc comprising substantially a rounded wire core having a circular cross section and a soluble coating of specific and uniform thickness is used.  In another embodiment, a coated wire arc comprising a square or rectangular wire core having a soluble coating of specific and uniform thickness is used.  As used herein, the term "rectangular", when referring to the cross-section of the wire of the invention, will also encompass embodiments that have a square cross-section.  The preferred diameter of the nickel titanium wire core is generally 0.305 millimeters for the round wire core and 0.406 x 0.595 millimeters or 0.599 x 0.406 (at its widest diameter) for the rectangular wire core.  The coating 15 around the wire core increases the diameter of the wire compared to the uncoated wire.  The preferable diameter of the coated wire is sufficient to form a dimension large enough for the wire to slide into the tubes formed after dissolution of the coating but remains as thin as possible to allow the wire to engage at the perimeter of the tube formed within 20 composite adhesive surrounding the wire thereby creating the necessary pressure or activation of the wire with a maximum of 0.457 millimeters for the round wire and 0.457 x 0.635 mm or 0.635 x 0.457 for the rectangular wire.  In all embodiments, a specific external dimension of the coated wire can be achieved depending on the choice of wire and the thickness of the coating.  It is preferred that the outer dimension 25 of the coated wire be slightly larger than the diameter of the central wire so that the coupling of the central wire in the formed tube is suitable so that the desired movement of the tooth does not even interfere with the main movement of the wire.  Therefore, it is preferred that the thickness of the coating on the wire is in the range of 0.025 millimeters to 0.152 millimeters, so that the total thickness of the wire 30 with the coating is in the range of 0.330 millimeters to 0.457 millimeters.  When a wire arc of rectangular dimension is used, it is preferred that the rectangular wire has a height greater than the thickness of the wire when it is placed along the teeth, thereby staying within the scope of the invention to the    12Provide an orthodontic appliance with a low profile inside the mouth that is comfortable for the patient as shown in Figures 1C and 1D.    In addition to the wire, loop-shaped handles 150 or any other modification of the shape that can aid in the movement of the teeth, as shown in Figure 1E, can also be incorporated.  For example, a loop-shaped handle 150 as part of the design 5 of the wire is placed centrally as in Figure 1F, or anywhere in the lateral extensions as in Figure 1G.  These loop-shaped handles 150 can remain exposed or uncovered by bonding adhesive so that each handle can be activated as an aid to space closing movements by activating the terminal ends of the wire.  The terminal end of the wire that is then or more away from the handle on each side of the wire is removed from the adhesive material that has secured it in position.  Next, the wire is extended so that it opens the loop-shaped handle and force is generated with the wire.  The extended terminal end of the wire can then be attached again to the tooth surface.  This causes any space between the teeth to close due to the force generated between the wire handles.  According to another embodiment of the invention, composite brackets with a lateral or horizontal groove are provided that are adapted to receive the arc of coated wire, which are used as an alternative to composite microspheres as an aid for the precise placement of the wire on The surface of the teeth.  Composite brackets are preferably manufactured to fit the contours of the lingual or facial surface of the teeth and are placed and attached to the teeth in the desired positions before application of the coated wire arc.  Adhesion or bonding to teeth is achieved in the same way as composite microspheres as described earlier in this document.  Once placed, the coated wire arch is attached directly to the brackets.  Bracket grooves may be specifically shaped to effect a preprogrammed torsion adjustment (correcting the misalignment of the inclination or rotation of a tooth along the labial / lingual or buccal / lingual axes) when used in the system .  Preferably, in this embodiment of torsion adjustment, the grooves of the brackets have a variety of specific rectangular cross-section shapes that correspond to the desired torsion adjustment, adapted for use with a preformed wire arc 30 with a rectangular cross-section. .  These brackets can also be used in the continuation of treatment if additional activations or increases in orthodontic wire coupling are necessary to align the teeth.  On subsequent visits, any tooth that requires additional activation can be reactivated    13 removing the existing adhesive coating of the wire.  The direct application of the adhesive material blocks the now uncoated wire and inhibits the movement of the wire due to the lack of tube formation.  The open end of the bracket can be placed on the wire against the tooth while the wire is reactivated by an external force (dental floss or other coupling module).  The extensions of the brackets 5 can be coated with a thin layer of composite material / adhesive material or dental adhesive that helps secure the brackets in position.  Although a composite coating is preferred and is the logical choice based on industrial practice, the coating may be made of an alternate operating material.  Next, the fluid adhesive material covers the existing bracket except in the areas of the 10 lateral openings that extend over the surface area of the tooth that secures the bracket in position.  The opening inside the bracket acts as an orthodontic tube and allows the wire arch to exert its function of aligning the teeth.  Additionally, one embodiment may contain a metal coated groove or groove that is then secured with a composite coating.  In addition to this embodiment, the grooves of the brackets can be prefilled with a soluble gel or a malleable substance, as shown in Figures 2B and 2C, into which the uncoated wire is inserted.  The gel wraps the wire inside the groove or bracket groove, as shown in Figures 2D and 2E.  While the wire is clamped in the groove, the exposed area of the groove is covered with a composite 20 microsphere that fixes the wire inside the groove of the bracket (Figure 2F).  The gel-like substance inside the bracket groove dissolves to create the necessary tube in which the wire can move so that the teeth can be aligned (Figure 2G).  This embodiment can also be used in subsequent appointments to continue tooth movement and align particular teeth after initial placement of the coated wire.   The functional gels in this embodiment of the invention comprise agar, agar agar, iota carrageenan, kappa carrageenan, gellan gum, lecithin gel or powder, pectin gel or powder, sodium alginate, xanthan gum as well as other known compounds in the technique and interchangeable with each other.  As used herein, it is preferred that these and other substances that may be functional for the scope of the invention be referred to herein as the "gel."  In addition, the soluble gel can be applied directly to the tooth surface by means of a syringe or other type of applicator while the now uncoated wire is placed against the tooth (see Figure 12).  Preferably, the gel covers only the area immediately.    14 surrounding the wire to minimize the size of the tube resulting from the formation.  The wire and gel are covered by composite adhesive material that extends over the exposed surface area of the tooth to secure the wire in position.  As described above, the gel-like substance dissolves and creates a tube inside the composite material that allows the titanium nickel wire to go to its pre-designed shape and align the tooth.  In addition to direct wire placement, the inventive system can also be placed inside the mouth with an application system for easy crimping and to minimize contamination of the oral environment.  This system is composed of a mold tray as it fits specifically to each patient's teeth and mouth, 10 in which the coated wire is housed and positioned for proper placement, as shown in Figure 10A.  The application mold tray can be composed of plastic or any other material used in the industry for the production of dental mold cuvettes.  The coated wire has the elastic crimp positions attached and positioned as in Figure 11.  The crimping positioners (engagement jigs) can be inserted between the teeth to activate the wire.  The terminal ends of the wire inside the housing of the plastic mold tray can move freely within the side housing tubes which allows the wire to be crimped to the teeth without resistance.  The tubes inside the housing must be long enough to prevent the wires from separating and leaving the application mold tray.  Once the active part 20 of the wire has been crimped and attached to the lingual surface of the teeth, the application system is removed by cutting the wire arc in the composite terminal microspheres and cutting each individual crimp positioner on the surface of the coated wire   In this regard, before explaining in detail at least one embodiment of the invention, it should be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of the processes, steps or construction, to the provisions of the components defined in the following Description or illustrated in the drawings.  The invention is suitable for other embodiments and to be practiced or carried out in various ways.  Also, it will be understood that the wording and terminology used in this document are for the purposes of the description and should not be considered as limiting.  Therefore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, on which these descriptive reports are based, can easily be used as a basis for designing other structures, procedures and systems to realize the various objectives of the present invention.  So    Likewise, it is important that the claims be considered to include these equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.  Description of the Figures Figure 1A Perspective view of two different embodiments of the coated wire arc 5 of the invention, one with a round cross section and one with a rectangular cross section.   Figure 1B Cross-sectional view of the two embodiments of the coated wire arc shown in Figure 1A.  Figure 1C Longitudinal view of the coated rectangular wire in which 10 the dimensions of the wire that are greater in height than in width are shown.  Figure 1D Cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 1C with rectangular measurements greater in height than in thickness.  Figure 1E Occlusal view of the maxillary arch of a patient's mouth showing an embodiment of the wire according to the invention with bilateral 15-loop loop formations in its design.  Figure 1F View of an embodiment of the wire according to the invention in which an individual arc is shown with a loop-shaped handle located centrally.  Figure 1G View of an alternative embodiment of the wire according to the invention in which an individual arc with loop-shaped handles is shown as part of the design located in its lateral extensions as shown in Figure 1E.    Figure 2 Front elevation view of a composite bracket of an embodiment of the invention, said bracket having a lateral groove to accommodate the coated orthodontic wire in the desired position after joining.  25 Figure 2A Side view of the composite bracket of Figure 2.  Figure 2B Front view of the embodiment showing the gel placed inside the bracket groove.  Figure 2C Cross-sectional view of the embodiment showing the gel placed inside the bracket groove.  30    16 2D Figure Front and transverse views of the bracket with the gel inside the groove and the uncoated central wire outside the groove of the bracket.  Figure 2E Front and transverse views of the bracket with the uncoated central wire inserted into the gel.  Figure 2F Front and transverse views of the bracket and the wire with the 5 composite microsphere covering the open area of the groove in which the wire is seen inside the gel.  Figure 2G Front and transverse views of the bracket with the uncoated central wire and the composite microsphere.   The gel has dissolved and an opening or tube has been created around the wire.  10 Figure 3 Occlusal view of a maxillary arch showing a poor alignment of the anterior teeth.  Figure 4 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch of Figure 3 with the coated orthodontic wire placed in position by flossing in contact with the lingual surface of the maxillary anterior teeth to be aligned.  15 Figure 5 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch and orthodontic wire of Figure 4 with composite microspheres placed on the individual teeth covering the wire.  Figure 6 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch, orthodontic wire and composite microspheres of Figure 5, showing orthodontic wire 20 after the coating has dissolved.   Figure 6B Cross-sectional view of a composite microsphere showing the opening that remains after the wire coating dissolves.   Figure 7 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch, the orthodontic wire and the composite microsphere of Figure 6A where the wire is shown after returning to its preformed shape and the anterior teeth in their correct alignment.   Figure 8 Occlusal view of a maxillary arch in which the placement of composite brackets is shown on the lingual surface of the anterior teeth to aid in the precise placement of a coated wire orthodontic arch before joining.  30    Figure 9 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch showing the placement of an application mold tray to aid the placement of the invention.  The mold tray covers the posterior portion of the arch and is open in the anterior segment in the wire placement zone.  The wire arch is held in place by "a microtube housing" which allows the wire to slide into position.  Figure 10A Occlusal view of the maxillary arch showing the arch wire placed inside an application mold tray with crimping positioners attached to the surface of the covered portion of the arch wire.  Figure 10B Increased top and side views of the crimp positioners in the 10 that show details about their structure and components.  Figure 11 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch showing the wire crimped in the teeth using the application mold tray and crimping positioners.  Figure 12 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch with the orthodontic wire of the invention in which the application with a syringe of the gel on a tooth is shown.   Figure 13 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch in which the bonded composite is shown on the soluble gel coating.  Figure 14 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch showing the formation of an opening or tube under a composite microsphere 20 Figure 15 Perspective view of a tooth together with a composite bracket that has a groove oriented towards the surface of the tooth, as well as a thin layer of composite material or dental adhesive to join the tooth.  Figure 16 Perspective view of the tooth and the composite bracket of Figure 15 in which the bracket is attached to the tooth and shows a round cross-section 25 of the arc wire of the invention within the groove of the bracket.  It will be understood that the figures described above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way but are intended to illustrate the embodiments thereof.    30    18 Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment Referring now to Figure 1A, two embodiments of the wire arc of the invention are shown.  The round coated orthodontic arch 100 comprises a round wire core 30, preferably nickel-titanium, substantially coated to a substantially uniform thickness with a non-toxic coating adapted for dissolution after prolonged exposure (preferably in no less than 1 hour ) to moisture, heat, buccal fluids or any combination thereof.  An alternative embodiment uses an arc with a rectangular cross section 100.  The coated rectangular orthodontic arch comprises a rectangular wire core 30, preferably nickel-titanium, substantially coated to a substantially uniform thickness with a non-toxic coating adapted for dissolution after prolonged exposure (preferably in no less than 1 hour) to moisture, heat, oral fluids or any combination thereof.  Alternatively, the coating is a substance that resists prolonged exposure to moisture, heat and oral fluids but dissolves easily upon contact with a non-toxic trigger solution.  In all cases, the coating should not interfere with the superelastic properties of the prefabricated arc wire and should be non-toxic and substantially non-irritating.  The core of the wire 30 is preferably nickel-titanium, although wire made of any metal and other material with similar superelastic properties such as NiTi copper (copper-zinc-aluminum-nickel, copper-aluminum-nickel), Sentalloy® wires can be used , 20 Neo Sentalloy® and Bioforce® or any other super-elastic wire or with ion implantation processes.    The round wire core 30 has a preferred diameter of 0.305 millimeters, although a round core with a diameter of 0.254 millimeters to 0.432 millimeters can be used.  The cross-section of the core of the rectangular wire 30 of the invention may be in the range of 0.305 millimeters to 0.559 millimeters.  The rectangular core has a preferred diameter of 0.305 x 0.457 millimeters, although a rectangular core with a diameter of 0.305 x 0.457 millimeters at 0.406 x 0.559 millimeters can also be used within the scope of the invention.    Figure 1B shows the soluble non-toxic coating 20, which is preferably composed substantially of gelatin or any soluble non-toxic coating with lubricating properties such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), similar to that used to coat tablets and manufacture capsules for Use in oral medicine, such as Kollicoat® (available   one
    9
    in BASF), although any non-toxic soluble coating that does not interfere with the superelastic properties of the wire core 30 can be used. Since the soluble coatings substantially cover the core of the wire with a substantially uniform thickness around and along the core of the wire 30 , the soluble coating conforms to the shape of the wire core, increasing its diameter without altering its transverse or longitudinal shape. The preferable diameter of the coated wire arc is 0.457 millimeters, but a diameter of less than 0.305 can be used and preferably in the range of 0.330 millimeters to 0.457 millimeters, it being understood that the diameter of the coated wire depends on the diameter of the wire core. Referring now to Figure 1B, the cross sections of the round 10 coated wire arch 100 and the rectangular coated wire arch 100 are shown. Referring to the representation of the arch 100, the rectangular wire core 30 and the soluble coating 20 of a substantially uniform thickness is shown in cross section. Referring to the representation of the arc 100, the core of the round wire 30 and the soluble coating 10 of a substantially uniform thickness is shown in cross section. Referring to FIG. 1C, the longitudinal view of the rectangular central wire 30 in which the height of the wire is greater than its thickness is shown. Figure 1D is a cross-sectional view of the central wire 30 with coating 20. Referring now to FIG. 2, a front elevation view of the embodiment of the invention with composite brackets is shown. Composite bracket 300 helps precise placement of orthodontic wire 100 on the tooth surface before the wire arch joins the teeth. Preferably, the composite bracket 300 conforms to the contours of the tooth to which it will be applied and generally has an upper edge 50 and a lower edge 60. In one embodiment, the upper edge 60 and the lower edge 50 are substantially parallel, although The exact shape of each composite bracket will vary since each one is designed to fit the specific contours of the individual teeth. Each composite bracket 300 has a side groove 55 on its surface 70 that extends substantially throughout its length to accommodate the coated wire orthodontic arch in place for attachment. Preferably, the groove 55 divides the bracket substantially wide at its midpoint. 30 Each composite bracket 300 is placed where desired and attached to the teeth, prior to the application of the wire arch using known orthodontic bonding techniques so that the grooves of each bracket are aligned to form a guide for the correct arch placement. The grooves 55 are adapted to accommodate a wire orthodontic arch    20covered 100 in place with a sufficient depth and diameter and with a sufficient shape so that the arc 100 is captured in a mobile way with a sufficient friction connection in conditions to resist slips or falls but not so strongly that the arc does not It can be easily adjusted during placement. The optimal dimensions of the grooves 55 are of a depth of 0.457 millimeters and 0.457 millimeters of 5 diameter measured on the surface of the bracket as shown in Figure 2A. As illustrated in Figure 2A, the groove diameter is the distance measured from point a to point b along the plane of the bracket surface. Once in place, the orthodontic wire arch is attached to each composite bracket 300 using fluid composite microspheres as described herein. 10 Figures 2B (front view) and 2C (cross-sectional view) show the soluble gel 65 housed within the lateral groove 55 of the bracket 300. The lateral groove 55 had a preferred width of 0.330 to 0.457 millimeters. Figure 2D shows an uncoated wire before it is placed inside the side groove 55. Figure 2E shows the uncoated wire inside the gel 65 and the side groove 55. Figure 2F shows the placement of the 15 Composite coating 801 on the exposed groove area of the bracket that holds the wire in place inside the gel 65 and the side groove 55, which is held in place by the coating 801. Figure 2G shows the formation of the opening or tube 800 inside the bracket when the gel 65 dissolves. The central wire 30 is now able to move inside the bracket 300. This feature of the embodiment allows the uncoated central wires 20 to be placed in the bracket and the formation of the tube inside the bracket when the gel has dissolved inside the lateral groove 55. These gel-filled brackets can be used at the beginning of the treatment using multiple brackets or particularly in the subsequent appointments res to reactivate individual teeth after the central wire has already been exposed. 25 In Figures 3 to 5 the occlusal view of a maxillary arch 500 showing poor alignment of the anterior teeth, specifically the right frontal incisors 505 is shown. Figure 4 shows the application of the coated wire arch according to the invention in the lingual surface of the teeth of Figure 3. The system and procedure can alternatively be used to apply the arch to the facial surface of the teeth. Similarly, the use of the system and the procedure to correct the misalignment of the maxillary teeth is shown, but the system and the procedure can alternatively be used to correct the badly aligned jaw teeth. Referring now to Figure 4, the floss 600 is wound around the orthodontic arch of coated wire 100 between    21the teeth to place the shape of the coated wire arch in the desired position on the lingual surface of the anterior teeth 700 and pull the bow between each piece of dental floss to increase the contact of the coated wire with the surface of the teeth. As shown in Figure 5, the coated wire arch 100 is secured to the lingual surface of the anterior teeth by composite microspheres 801, 802, 803, 804 of fluid composite material using known orthodontic techniques. Preferably, the left end 80 and the right end 90 of the coated wire arch 100 extend beyond the terminal composite microspheres 801 and 804, respectively. The optimal extension distance beyond each composite microsphere of the end when applied is preferably in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm. Figures 6A and 6B show the wire arc after the coating has dissolved. Only the body of the wire 30 will remain, leaving an opening or tube 800 (shown in Figure 6A) in the composite microspheres 801, 802, 803, 804. The 15 exposed ends of the wire arc may be covered by composite microspheres by comfort (the microsphere 80 shown at the left end of the wire and the microsphere at the right end 90 is shown at the right end of the wire). Alternatively, the wire arch may have prefabricated smooth ends. Over the course of a period of time (in the range of 4 to 8 weeks, 20 depending on the patient), the uncoated wire arch 30 returns to its preformed shape, pulling the teeth to align with it. Referring now to Figure 7, the maxillary arch of Figure 6B is shown after the uncovered wire arch 30 has returned to its previous shape and the misalignment of the right incisor 505 has been corrected. The ends of the arch, with the terminal microspheres 80, 90 for convenience, 25 are shown extended at a greater distance from their position in Figure 6B, so that the force exerted by the wire arc when returning to its preformed shape has pushed the ends of the wire beyond the terminal composite microspheres, due to the free circulation of the wire within the openings of the composite microspheres, instead of separating the teeth. Wire stops or composite microspheres can be applied to the terminal ends of the wire arch or between the teeth to prevent the wire arch from loosening. Referring now to Figure 8, an alternative embodiment of the part is partially shown.    22 system and procedure. The brackets 300 preferably made of orthodontic composite material are modeled to fit the specific contours of the teeth and have a lateral groove 55 that extends along their widths by dividing them substantially at mid-height into two zones. The brackets allow precise placement of the coated wire arc before they join. The brackets can be manufactured with 5 grooves 55 or notches in one of a variety of particular preprogrammed shapes, preferably rectangular shapes, adapted to cause a desired torque adjustment on one or more teeth in particular when used with the system and in particular with the preformed arcs of the invention, preferably those with a rectangular cross section. The braces are placed first and attached to the lingual or facial surface of the 10 teeth using orthodontic techniques so that their grooves are aligned to form the desired placement of the coated wire arch. The grooves of the brackets can be protected with a removable cover to avoid excess bonding material that blocks or fills the grooves, coating that is then removed once the brackets have been placed and attached to the tooth surface. The grooves can also be filled 15 with a soluble and malleable gel 65 (Figure 2E) in which an uncoated wire is inserted into the gel that joins around the wire (Figure 2F). An enlarged perspective view of a tooth together with a composite bracket of Figure 8 is illustrated in Figure 15, showing the side groove 55 facing the surface of the tooth and the bracket 300 having a thin layer of Composite material or 340 dental adhesive to join the 20 tooth. A perspective view of the tooth and the composite bracket of Figure 15 is shown in Figure 16 in which the bracket 300 is attached to the tooth and shows a round cross-section of the arc wire 30 within the groove 55 of the bracket. The coated wire arc is placed in its position and held therein by friction connection with the grooves of the bracket or by the force generated against the wire by means of the dental floss or other form of crimp positioning (Figure 10A) as described above, or by an alternative force system to place the wire in the groove of the bracket and remain there while still attached in place. The dimensions of the grooves of the brackets correspond to the dimensions of the coated wire arc, preferably enough to hold the covered wire arc in place but not too tight so that the arc cannot be easily adjusted before joining . Once the coated wire arch is in position and held there by friction connection, exerting tensile force by flossing or other external force, the coated wire arch is joined in position using    23 fluid composite microspheres as in Figure 5, except that instead of being attached to the surface of the teeth as in Figures 5 and 6, the arc of coated wire is attached to the brackets (which had already joined the surface of the teeth as previously described). Therefore, in the embodiment in which brackets are used as shown partially in Figure 8, each opening that remains after dissolution of the coating, if not completely within a composite microsphere, is between the composite microsphere and the bracket (in particular, the groove of the bracket), instead of between the composite microsphere and the surface of the tooth, as in the embodiment without brackets partially illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. Figure 12 shows the view occlusal of the maxillary arch with the orthodontic wire of the invention 30 in which the application with a syringe 750 of the gel 65 on a tooth is shown. Figure 13 shows the occlusal view of the maxillary arch with an embodiment showing the orthodontic wire of the invention showing a composite microsphere that covers the wire and gel that joins the tooth. Gel application with the syringe is especially useful as part of the process of the invention for follow-up appointments after initial placement of the wire to reactivate individual teeth. Figure 14 shows the occlusal view of the maxillary arch with the orthodontic wire of the invention showing a composite microsphere that covers the wire where the gel has dissolved and a tube or opening has been created under the microsphere of composite surrounding the orthodontic wire. 20 Referring now to Figure 9, a method of applying the system of the invention to the teeth or the mouth to aid in the placement and application of the wire to a particular patient with ease and in a controlled manner is illustrated. The procedure provides an application mold tray 900 that is custom manufactured according to a representation of the three-dimensional model of the patient arch 500. The mold tray 900 25 has specifically placed a "microtube housing" 950 on both sides of the mold tray which holds and secures the arch wire to the teeth. The coated portion of the wire 100 is placed in the open portion of the mold tray 900 in the area where it is attached to the teeth. The extensions of the uncoated central wire 20 are engaged in the "microtube housing" holding the wire in position. The "microtube housing" 950 is preferably long enough to hold an extension of the central wire 30 through which the wire can slide through the microtube housing 950 without loosening. Figure 10B shows another component of the placement system that incorporates    24 crimping positioners (shown in Figure 10A) that are attached to the main wire and placed between each contact 901 to 907. These crimping positioners are preferably made of an elastic material, such as silicone or rubber-like materials in which the positioner It can be stretched and strung between the tooth contacts by pulling the wire to its position and securing the wire while it is attached to the tooth surface 5 as illustrated in Figure 11. Once the wire is attached to its position, the positioners Individuals can be removed by pulling their smaller extension out of the wire and cutting with a cutting tool. The rest of the placement mold tray can be removed by cutting the wire in the terminal composite microspheres. It will be understood that the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described above or as shown in the attached figures, but encompasses any and all embodiments within the spirit of the invention. 
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    2 828. The method of claim 27 wherein the cross section of the wire arch is substantially rectangular and the height of the cross section of the wire arch positioned along the surface of the tooth or teeth is greater than the width of the cross section of the wire arch. 5
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU2014248044A1|2015-10-29|
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    US20210346127A1|2021-11-11|
    EP2981228A1|2016-02-10|
    EP2981228A4|2017-01-04|
    US10342640B2|2019-07-09|
    ES2588592R1|2016-12-12|
    ES2588592B1|2017-11-28|
    CA2908676C|2021-06-01|
    AU2019202484A1|2019-05-02|
    US20190262103A1|2019-08-29|
    US20140302448A1|2014-10-09|
    US11083546B2|2021-08-10|
    CA2908676A1|2014-10-09|
    AU2019202484B2|2020-07-23|
    TW201507704A|2015-03-01|
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    PCT/US2014/032918|WO2014165726A1|2013-04-05|2014-04-04|Orthodontic wire alignment system and method|
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